Polikarpov I-1
Polikarpov / Dux Factory · Soviet Union · first flew 1923 · fighter
The Polikarpov I-1 (IL-400) was the Soviet Union's first domestically designed and built monoplane fighter, representing a significant early milestone in Soviet aviation. Designed by Nikolai Polikarpov, it flew in 1923 and saw limited production.
Recognition (WEFT)
| W — Wings | Mid-mounted, straight |
|---|---|
| E — Engines | 1 × piston, nose-mounted |
| F — Fuselage | 8.3 m fuselage |
| T — Tail | Conventional |
WEFT is AircraftIQ's four-point recognition method — how it works.
Spot it by:
- Soviet Union's first domestic monoplane fighter
- Designed by Nikolai Polikarpov at the Dux factory
- Early 1920s all-wood construction single-seat fighter
A conventional low-mid wing monoplane of 1920s design with a large Liberty or M-5 engine and fixed undercarriage; the relatively large fuselage and simple wooden construction are typical of early Soviet fighter designs.
Specifications
- The Polikarpov I-1 has a length of 8.3 m (27 ft).
- It has a wingspan of 10.8 m (35 ft).
- Its maximum speed is 264 km/h (164 mph).
- Typical crew: 1.
Figures are for the representative variant described above; marks differ. See how AircraftIQ sources figures.
History
Polikarpov's I-1 was developed at the Dux aircraft factory in Moscow and first flew in August 1923, unfortunately crashing on its first flight due to stability problems. After redesign it flew successfully and a small production batch was ordered, though the type remained limited in service due to handling difficulties. It was the foundation of Polikarpov's long career as a fighter designer.
Variants
The I-1 (IL-400) was produced in two variants, the IL-400a and IL-400b, with different engine and structural configurations.
Where you'll see it
Operated in small numbers by the Soviet Air Force (VVS) in the mid-1920s before being replaced by more capable types.
Related aircraft
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