Polikarpov Po-2 "Mule"

Polikarpov · Soviet Union · first flew 1928 · light aircraft

The Polikarpov Po-2 is a Soviet biplane trainer and utility aircraft that became the most-produced biplane in history, with approximately 40,000 examples manufactured between 1928 and 1952.

Recognition (WEFT)

W — WingsMid-mounted, straight
E — Engines1 × piston, nose-mounted
F — Fuselage8.17 m fuselage
T — TailConventional

WEFT is AircraftIQ's four-point recognition method — how it works.

Spot it by:

Small equal-span biplane with a round-nosed fuselage, open tandem cockpits, and a fixed tailwheel undercarriage; fabric-covered wings with no sweepback.

Specifications

Figures are for the representative variant described above; marks differ. See how AircraftIQ sources figures.

History

Designed by Nikolai Polikarpov and first flown in 1928 as the U-2, it was renamed Po-2 after Polikarpov's death in 1944. The type served as the primary Soviet basic trainer for two decades and was famously employed as a nuisance night bomber on the Eastern Front by the 588th Night Bomber Regiment, whose female crews were dubbed 'Night Witches' by German troops.

Variants

Principal variants include the U-2VS military trainer, U-2LNB night bomber, U-2S ambulance version, and numerous agricultural and communications sub-types; production continued in Poland as the CSS-13.

Where you'll see it

Served with the Soviet Air Forces throughout the Great Patriotic War and into the 1950s; exported to numerous Warsaw Pact countries and used in the Korean War by North Korea as a harassment bomber.

Related aircraft

AircraftIQ — the aircraft field guide: 5,024 recognition guides, live overhead identification, works offline.