Bell X-5

Bell Aircraft Corporation · United States · first flew 1951 · fighter

The Bell X-5 was the world's first aircraft capable of changing its wing sweep angle in flight, allowing researchers to study the aerodynamic effects of variable geometry across a range of speeds. It was inspired by the captured German Messerschmitt P.1101 project.

Recognition (WEFT)

W — WingsMid-mounted, swept
E — Engines1 × turbojet, fuselage-mounted
F — Fuselage10.1 m fuselage
T — TailConventional

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Identified by its variable-geometry wings that could pivot from straight to fully swept, a single jet intake under the nose, and a sleek pointed fuselage characteristic of early-1950s research jets.

Specifications

Figures are for the representative variant described above; marks differ. See how AircraftIQ sources figures.

History

First flown in June 1951, the X-5 was built to explore variable-sweep wing technology and gathered crucial data that influenced later aircraft such as the F-111 and F-14. Two aircraft were built; one was lost in a fatal crash in 1953.

Variants

Two aircraft (tail numbers 50-1838 and 50-1839) were built; no distinct sub-variants.

Where you'll see it

Operated exclusively by the USAF and NACA as research aircraft; never entered combat or operational service.

Related aircraft

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