Fiat CR.1

Fiat Aviazione · Italy · first flew 1923 · fighter

The Fiat CR.1 was Italy's first post-war single-seat fighter biplane, designed by Celestino Rosatelli and introducing the sesquiplane layout and distinctive W-strut bracing that would characterise Fiat fighters for the next decade.

Recognition (WEFT)

W — WingsMid-mounted, straight
E — Engines1 × piston, nose-mounted
F — Fuselage6.05 m fuselage
T — TailConventional

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Sesquiplane with the upper wing significantly larger than the lower, distinctive W-form interplane struts, inline water-cooled engine, and twin synchronised Vickers guns — the template for all subsequent Fiat biplane fighters.

Specifications

Figures are for the representative variant described above; marks differ. See how AircraftIQ sources figures.

History

The CR.1 entered service with the Regia Aeronautica in 1924 and approximately 240 were built, serving as Italy's primary fighter through the late 1920s. The design philosophy Rosatelli developed — sesquiplane wings, Warren-truss struts, inline engine — was refined through the CR.20, CR.32, and CR.42 series.

Variants

CR.1 standard; CR.1bis with minor modifications; some exported to Latvia.

Where you'll see it

Served as the Regia Aeronautica's front-line fighter from 1924 to around 1930, then continued in training roles; exported to Latvia.

Related aircraft

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