Lockheed Model 9 Orion

Lockheed Corporation · United States · first flew 1931 · transport aircraft

The Lockheed Orion was a revolutionary American fast transport of the early 1930s, combining a retractable undercarriage with a smooth wooden monocoque fuselage to achieve speeds that outpaced many contemporary fighters. It set the template for the high-speed commercial aircraft of the decade.

Recognition (WEFT)

W — WingsLow-mounted, tapered
E — Engines1 × piston, nose-mounted
F — Fuselage8.64 m fuselage
T — TailConventional

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Distinguished by its clean single-engine low-wing monoplane form with a fully retractable undercarriage, smooth monocoque fuselage, and NACA cowled radial — unmistakably of the 'Lockheed family' of the period.

Specifications

Figures are for the representative variant described above; marks differ. See how AircraftIQ sources figures.

History

Derived from the earlier Lockheed Vega and Air Express, the Orion first flew in 1931 and entered service with airlines including Varney Speed Lines and Swissair. Its performance advantage was so pronounced that US airline regulations were tightened to prevent it competing directly with slower multi-engine types on safety grounds.

Variants

Several sub-variants were produced with different engine fits; Swissair operated it alongside the Heinkel He 70 in a famous speed comparison.

Where you'll see it

Used by US domestic airlines in the early 1930s and exported to Switzerland; a handful of surviving examples are preserved in museums.

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